Mangaladevi Temple

Overview

The Mangala Devi Kannagi temple is located on the border of Tamil Nadu and Kerala. It is located about 7 km from Pazhiyankudi in Theni district, Tamilnadu and 15 km from Thekkadi in Idukki District, Kerala. Mangaladevi Temple is a 1000-year-old temple inside the dense forests of the Periyar Tiger Reserve. Made of huge pieces of granite, it stands at an altitude of 1337 m above the sea level.

About The Temple

The temple construction is in line with that of Pandyan architecture though there are no definite records of the time of its construction. The locals believe that it was the Chera king, Chenkuttuvan, who created the temple. The idol installation ceremony was believed to have been attended by many prominent personalities including the Lankan king, Gajabahu. Gajabahu also known as Gajabahuka Gamani (c.114 - 136 CE) was renowned for his religious benefactions and for his involvement in south Indian politics.

Though now in a dilapidated condition, the boundary walls and the steps leading to the temple still have huge stones which stand in testimony to its earlier days of glory. When considering the location of the temple, one can imagine the enormity of the effort that would have been involved in bringing the huge stones and granite pieces up to the mountain.

Four stone structures constitute the temple complex which houses other idols apart from that of Mangala Devi. There are sculptures carved on the stone walls. The first in the temple complex is that of KaruppaSwamy. On the left side, there is a dilapidated temple of Lord Shiva. There is also a sanctorum for Lord Ganapathy.

As the temple of Mangala Devi is in ruins, the idol that is worshipped during the temple festival on the day of Chithra Pournami is usually brought from Kambam. It is made of panchaloha (five metals).

There had been an underground passage below the temple which, according to the local people, went all the way to the temple town of Mathura. Some believe that the secret pathway led to the famed Meenakshi temple while others say that it led to the palace of the Pandya king.

Ambience

Situated on the northern boundary of the Periyar Tiger Reserve, the temple can be reached only by jeep. There is a 12-kilometer stretch to be covered through dense forests and high altitude grasslands to reach the temple. The surroundings of the temple are known for their pristine beauty. A wide variety of flora and fauna can be found in the area including the highly endangered Nilgiri Tahr (Hemitragus hylocrius). The Tahr is the state animal of the State of Tamil Nadu. The place is also known for the endemic orchid species, Habenaria periyarensis.

The temple, on a hillock on the Tamil Nadu-Kerala border, offers a panoramic view of the Western Ghats and the small hill villages of Tamil Nadu. The view, from a distance, of the small villages scattered amongst the thick greenery is beautiful.

About The Deity

The temple is dedicated to the deity of Mangaladevi, who is also known as Kannaki. Even today, Kannaki remains as a symbol of the moral power that resides in an ordinary woman who is able to take on royalty because her cause is just.

Legend and Stories

There is a mind boggling legend behind this divine temple of Mangaladevi. Kannagi, the devoted wife of Kovalan, took revenge against killing her innocent husband by accusing him as a thief. It is said that she burnt the whole Madurai city and later she reached the Suruli hills. From here she went to the heaven in Pushpaka Vimana along with Kovalan. Getting inspired from this story, Chera Chenguttuvan, the ancient Tamil King, erected this temple of Mangaladevi here. The story of Kannagi was narrated to the Tamil poet, Illango Adigal by Chenguttuvan and later Illango wrote the famous book 'Silappathikaram', the story of Kannagi and Kovalan.

It is said that the stone for the idol was brought from the Himalayas. Gajabahu Lankan ruler attended the consecration of the temple. Mahavidwan R. Raghava Iyengar in his research monograph Vanjimanagar identifies the original Kannagi temple in the Chera capital Karur. The consecration by the Chera king Senguttuvan was attended by representatives of kings of India and Gajabahu of Sri Lanka. There is a relic called Vanjiamman temple in modern Karur. In Silappadikaram, Ilango describes Kannagi's departure from Madurai northwards along the banks of the Vaigai river and meets her "divine" husband Kovalan in the hills of Palani. Madalan, a character in the epic, narrates the history of Devanthi, friend of Kannagi and hails Kannagi as "Mangala Madanthai". The original place in Palani Hills is still revered as Mangala Madanthai Kottam. Later a Chera king Kulasekara (1699 AD) donated lands for a temple in Cumbum, Gudalur, near Theni (Madurai) (Ref. Madras Epigraphical Reports, 288, 1928-1929). This is the later Mangala Madanthai Kottam.

Festival

The temple is open to devotees only once a year during the month of April / May for the Chithrapournami celebrations. On this full moon day, priests of Tamil Nadu and Kerala conduct ritualistic prayers at the temple.

The main deity, Goddess Managala, is decorated with flowers, silk etc and poojas are conducted through the day. Thali (the necklace worn by married Hindu women) and glass bangles of women devotees are blessed during the festival. The women also cook and offer pongal (the sweet dish made of rice) to the Goddess on this auspicious day.

The preparations for the festival are supervised by the officials of Idukki district in Kerala and Theni district in Tamil Nadu. Forest officials also take part in the discussions prior to the festival. Various measures are taken to ensure that the flow of devotees to the temple at this time does not disturb the eco-system.

Entrance Fee

Free Entry

Restrictions

In order to safeguard the ecosystem of the place, the Forest Department has taken various measures including constant vigil on the stretch leading to the temple.

Accessibility

Airport

The Nearest Airport is Cochin International Airport, about 142 km.

Railways

The Nearest Railway Stations to Kumily are Kottayam 107 km; Theni (Tamilnadu), about 63 km.

Road

Kumily is connected by National Highway 183. Frequent buses are available from Kottayam, Ernakulam and Theni (Tamilnadu). Direct buses are also available from Chennai, Pondicherry, Madurai, Trichy & Trivandrum. From Kumily, a 15 km stretch inside the forest, is arranged on jeeps and taxis.

Temple Address

Mangala Devi Kannagi Temple
Keelagudalur, Theni, Tamil Nadu, India,
Pincode – 625518.